Polycrystalline yield
The phenomenon of transition from elastic deformation to plastic deformation that occurs when the stress on polycrystalline metals exceeds a certain value, resulting in yielding of poIycrystal. The yi...
What are the standards for pattern boards?
Detailed classification of metal materials: ordinary steel plates: hot plates, hot coils, cold plates, cold coils, pickled plates, pickled coils, hot rolled steel plates, carbon structural steel and l...
What are the American ASTM standards?
Commonly used American ASTM standards are as follows: A1000-99 Specification for carbon steel and alloy steel wire for springs A1001-99 Specification for large-scale high-strength steel castings A1002...
Furnace condition is difficult
Tight furnace operation is a manifestation of abnormal furnace conditions during the blast furnace ironmaking process. If the difficult furnace condition cannot be eliminated in time, it will turn int...
Card sleeve copper pipe joints for aluminum-plastic composite pipes
1 Scope This standard specifies the product classification, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of ferrule-type copper pipe joints fo...
Copper and copper alloy wire
Coiled wire products obtained by drawing from copper and copper alloy wire blanks. Including pure copper (purple copper) wire, brass wire, bronze wire, white copper wire. Pure copper wire is used in v...
water spray cooling
The mechanical properties test of carbon structural steel is carried out under natural cooling conditions after rolling. Therefore, the actual grain size and structural state of the rolled steel have ...
What is the method for calculating the weight of square tubes?
Calculation method of square tube weight: The length of the square tube section is a, the width is b, the back of the wall is c, the length of the square tube is l, and the density of the square tube ...
my country’s first complete set of independent steelmaking automation technology passed the review
On January 21, the China Metal Society organized a scientific and technological achievements evaluation meeting for the 210-ton converter steelmaking automation complete set of Shougang Qiangang Compa...
Characteristics of the waste heat treatment process for steel bars after rolling
(1) On the rolling operation line, the steel bars can be strengthened by controlling the cooling work, replacing the quenched and tempered steel bars that are reheated for quenching and tempering. (2)...
What is the calculation formula for square tubes?
Most of the square tubes are steel tubes, which are unpacked, flattened, curled, and welded to form round tubes, which are then rolled into square tubes and then cut to the required length. Generally,...
Side blowing converter refining
A converter steelmaking method that blows air or oxygen from the side of the converter wall to refine molten iron into steel. The air acidic side-blown converter is also called Tropenas furnace accord...
Laval type nozzles and characteristics in converter steelmaking process
The Laval nozzle is a contraction-expanding nozzle. When the ratio of outlet oxygen pressure to inlet oxygen pressure P out and Po <0.528, a supersonic jet can be formed, as shown in Figure 4-1. In...
Forging Technology: Basic Types of Cross Rolling
Basic types of cross rolling include: 1. Gear cross rolling: The toothed roller 1 and the round blank 2 are in opposite rolling motion to achieve local continuous forming and rolling into gears. The d...
Cold pipe diameter reduction
The deformation process of reducing the diameter of pipes at room temperature is similar to thermal diameter reduction (see tension-free pipe diameter reduction, pipe tension reduction). The basic cha...
What are the main sources of stainless steel scrap in my country?
Our country’s nickel and chromium resources for smelting stainless steel are scarce. In the past, our country’s stainless steel application fields were far less extensive than today. The s...
Reactive power compensation system based on magnetic valve controllable reactor
Abstract The natural power factor of electrified railways is low, and the existing parallel capacitor compensation method is difficult to make the system meet the standard requirements, which affects ...
Steel delivery status and heat treatment requirements
Various countries and ISO stainless steel standards stipulate that hot-rolled (forged) steel, except steel for heat and pressure processing, is generally delivered in a heat-treated state (heat treatm...
Brief description of industrial chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) piping system
Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC-C) is due to its relatively low cost, high hard embrittlement temperature Tg, high thermal bending temperature, chemical inertness, excellent mechanical strength, n...
Selection of line energy during welding
During production, according to different material compositions, on the premise of ensuring good weld formation, appropriately adjusting the welding process parameters and welding with appropriate lin...
Hoods and flues
Hoods and flues are devices that collect, conduct and cool flue gases. The fume hood of the unburned method is a cylindrical component made of welded steel pipes, and warm water is passed through the ...
Semi-continuous rolling mill
Semi-continuous rolling mill (semi-tandem rolling mill) is a profile rolling mill that is a combination of a horizontal rolling mill and a continuous rolling mill. The most typical arrangements of sem...
What is the beneficiation method of vanadium titanium magnetite?
Vanadium titanium magnetite: This is the main ore type of ilmenite rock deposits in my country. According to the mineral processing research and production practice of Panzhihua Mining Company, the be...
The concept and application of carburizing agent
Carburizing agents are divided into solid, paste, liquid and gas. Solid carburizing agent consists of solid carbon source (charcoal, SiC) and carburizing agents such as BaCO3, Na2CO3, CH3COONa, (CH3—C...
Shortcomings and development trends in the application of control valves
． Problems in control valve applications ① There are many varieties, specifications and parameters of control valves. In order to adapt to the control requirements of different industrial production p...
Three principles should be followed when pouring lost foam castings
1) One slow, two fast and three steady. In the early stages of pouring, especially the moment when the molten metal first contacts the foam plastic, due to the large amount of gas produced by the vapo...
Slag retaining tank slag retaining method
This method was developed by Japan’s Kawasaki Steel Company and can separate the molten slag during tapping of the converter. The tank used for slag blocking in this method has a bottom hole wit...
Overview of vanadium titanium magnetite beneficiation equipment
Vanadium titanium magnetite beneficiation equipment can be made of stainless steel or other wear-resistant plastic materials. The sorting barrel can also be made of other wear-resistant materials that...
What is ASTM standard number/D
D5-06e1 Test method for permeability of asphalt materials D69-06 Test method for friction zone D93-06 Test method for flash point determination using Pensky-Martins closed cup flash point tester D97-0...
The material of the horizontal combination roll of the section steel universal rolling mill
The roughing stand roll ring of the section steel universal rolling mill mainly considers the resistance to hot cracking and the prevention of steel adhesion. For this reason, the number, shape and di...
Forging Technology – Characteristics of Roll Forging
The characteristics of roll forging are: 1) The required working load is smaller: The forming force required to continuously apply local pressure on the blank is smaller than that of die forging. Gene...
High vanadium wear-resistant alloy is about to enter the industrial trial operation stage
High vanadium wear-resistant alloy is about to enter the industrial trial production stage A new type of wear-resistant material with the highest wear resistance and impact resistance in China, a high...
Dynamic variable specification rolling
During the continuous operation of the strip rolled on the fully continuous cold rolling mill, the computer control system automatically sets the rolling process parameters and procedures according to...
The function, capacity and type of gas cabinet
The gas cabinet is one of the important equipment in the converter gas recovery system. It is mainly used to store the recovered converter gas so as to supply users with gas with stable composition an...
Basic principles and optimization plans of ultra-high pressure pneumatic pressure reducing valves
Abstract: This article introduces the working principle, main structural design calculation and test conditions of the ultra-high pressure pneumatic pressure reducing valve, and analyzes the structura...
Experimental study on the internal flow field of deep well pumps
Studying the flow field in the pump, especially the mixed-phase flow field, is the key to improving the performance of deep well pumps. As PIV technology, LDV technology and ultrasonic technology beco...