The Most Potential New Materials In The 21th Future
| The material industry is the basic industry of the national economy. The new materials are the forerunners in the development of the materials industry and an important strategic emerging industry. |
Today, the scientific and technological revolution is developing rapidly, new materials and products are changing with each passing day, and industrial upgrading and material replacement are accelerating. The new material technology is integrated with nanotechnology, biotechnology and information technology. The integration of structural functions and functional materials is obvious. The environmentally friendly characteristics of low carbon, green and renewable recycling of materials have attracted much attention.
This article combines the research progress of well-known research institutions and companies at home and abroad, scientific media commentary and industry hotspot research, and selects 20 new materials. The following are the detailed information of related materials (in no particular order)
1.Graphene
Breakthrough: Unusual conductivity, extremely low resistivity and extremely fast electron transfer speed, tens of times more strength than steel and excellent light transmission.
Trends: The Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 has created a boom in technology and capital markets in recent years. In the next five years, it will be in optoelectronic displays, semiconductors, touch screens, electronic devices, energy storage batteries, displays, sensors, semiconductors, aerospace, military, and composites. Materials, biomedicine and other fields will explode.
The main research institutions (companies): Graphene Technologies, Angstron Materials, Graphene Square, the sixth element of Changzhou, Ningbo Moxi and so on.
2.Aerogel
Breakthrough: High porosity, low density, low thermal conductivity, excellent thermal insulation properties.
Trends: New materials with great potential have great potential in energy conservation and environmental protection, thermal insulation and electrical appliances, and construction.
The main research institutions (companies):Aspen USA, W.R. Grace, Japan Fuji-Silysia, etc.
3.Carbon nanotube
Breakthrough:High electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high modulus of elasticity, high tensile strength, etc.
Trends:Electrode, catalyst carrier, sensor, etc. of the functional device.
The main research institutions (companies): Unidym, Inc., Toray Industries, Inc., Bayer Materials Science AG, Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Betray, Suzhou First Element, etc.
4.Fullerenes
Breakthrough: It has linear and nonlinear optical properties, alkali metal fullerene superconductivity and the like.
Trends: The future has important prospects in the fields of life sciences, medicine, astrophysics, etc., and is expected to be used in optoelectronic devices such as optical converters, signal conversion and data storage.
The main research institutions (companies): Michigan State University, Xiamen Funa New Materials, etc.
5.Amorphous alloy
Breakthrough: High strength and toughness, excellent magnetic permeability and low magnetic loss, excellent liquid flow.
Trends: In high-frequency low-loss transformers, structural parts of mobile terminal equipment, etc.
The main research institutions (companies): Liquidmetal Technologies, Inc., Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BYD Co., Ltd., etc.
6.Foam metal
Breakthrough: Light weight, low density, high porosity and large specific surface area.
Trends: It has electrical conductivity and can replace the application field where inorganic non-metallic materials can not conduct electricity; it has great potential in the field of sound insulation and noise reduction.
The main research institutions (companies): Alcan (American Aluminum), Rio Tinto, Symat, Norsk Hydro, etc.
7.Ionic liquid
Breakthrough: With high thermal stability, wide liquid temperature range, adjustable acidity and alkalinity, polarity, coordination ability and so on.
Trends: It has broad application prospects in the field of green chemicals, as well as in the fields of biology and catalysis.
The main research institutions (companies): Solvent Innovation, BASF, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, etc.
8.Nanocellulose
Breakthrough: It has good biocompatibility, water retention, wide range of pH stability, nano-mesh structure, and high mechanical properties.
Trends: There is great prospect in biomedicine, enhancer, paper industry, purification, conductive and inorganic composite foods, and industrial magnetic composites.
The main research institutions (companies): Cellu Force (Canada), US Forest Service, Innventia (Sweden), etc.
9.Nano-point perovskite
Breakthrough: Nano-point perovskites have giant magnetoresistance, high ionic conductivity, and catalysis for oxygen evolution and reduction.
Trends: The future has great potential in the fields of catalysis, storage, sensors, and light absorption.
The main research institutions (companies):Epri, AlfaAesar, etc.
10.3D printing material
Breakthrough:By changing the processing methods of traditional industries, it is possible to quickly realize the molding of complex structures.
Trends: The revolutionary molding method has great prospects in the fields of complex structure forming and rapid processing.
The main research institutions (companies):Object, 3D Systems, Stratasys, Huaying Hi-Tech, PTJ Shop, etc.
11.Flexible glass
Breakthrough: Change the rigidity and fragility of traditional glass to realize the revolutionary innovation of glass.
Trends: In the future, the field of flexible display and folding equipment has great prospects.
The main research institutions (companies): Corning, Germany, SCHOTT Group, etc.
12.Self-assembling (self-repairing) material
Breakthrough: The self-assembly of material molecules realizes the “intelligence” of the material itself, changes the previous material preparation methods, and realizes the spontaneous formation of a certain shape and structure of the material itself.
Trends: Changing the traditional materials preparation and material repair methods will have great prospects in the fields of molecular devices, surface engineering, and nanotechnology.
The main research institutions (companies):Harvard University, etc.
13.Degradable bioplastic
Breakthrough:Naturally degradable, raw materials come from renewable resources, changing the dependence of traditional plastics on fossil resources such as oil, natural gas and coal, and reducing environmental pollution.
Trends: The future of replacing traditional plastics has great prospects.
The main research institutions (companies):Natureworks, Basf, Kaneka, etc.
14.Titanium carbon composite
Breakthrough: With high strength, low density, and excellent corrosion resistance, it has unlimited prospects in aviation and civil applications.
Trends: In the future, it has broad potential in environmental applications such as lightweight, high strength and corrosion resistance.
The main research institutions (companies): Harbin Institute of Technology and so on.
15.Super material
Breakthrough: It has physical properties that conventional materials do not have, such as negative magnetic permeability, negative dielectric constant, and the like.
Trends: By changing the traditional concept of processing according to the nature of materials, in the future, the characteristics of materials can be designed according to needs, and the potential is unlimited and revolutionary.
The main research institutions (companies): Boeing, Kymeta, Shenzhen Guangqi Research Institute, etc.
16.Superconducting material
Breakthrough: In the future, if we break through the high-temperature superconducting technology, we are expected to solve the problems of power transmission loss, electronic device heating, and green new transmission magnetic suspension technology.
The main research institutions (companies): Sumitomo, Japan, Bruker, Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc.
17.Shape Memory Alloys
Breakthrough: After pre-forming, after being forced to deform by external conditions, it is restored to its original shape after certain conditions, and the reversible design and application of the deformation of the material is realized.
Trends: There is great potential in space technology, medical equipment, mechanical and electronic equipment and other fields.
The main research institutions (companies): Research new materials, etc.
18.Magnetostrictive material
Breakthrough: Under the action of a magnetic field, it can produce elongation or compression properties, and realize the interaction between material deformation and magnetic field.
Trends: It is widely used in the fields of intelligent structural devices, shock absorbing devices, transducing structures, high-precision motors, etc. Under some conditions, its performance is superior to that of piezoelectric ceramics.
The main research institutions (companies): American ETREMA, British Rare Earth Products, Sumitomo Light Metal Co., etc.
19.Magnetic (electric) fluid material
Breakthrough: It is liquid, combines the magnetic properties of solid magnetic materials, and the fluidity of liquids. It has the characteristics and applications that traditional magnetic bulk materials do not have.
Trends: Used in magnetic sealing, magnetic refrigeration, magnetic heat pump and other fields, changing the traditional sealing and cooling methods.
The main research institutions (companies): American ATA Application Technology Company, Japan Matsushita, etc.
20.Intelligent polymer gel
Breakthrough:It can sense changes in the surrounding environment and respond, with biologically similar response characteristics.
Trends: The expansion-contraction cycle of smart polymer gels can be used for chemical valves, adsorption separations, sensors and memory materials; the power provided by the cycle is used to design “chemical engines”; the controllability of the mesh is suitable for smart drug delivery systems.
The main research institutions (companies): American and Japanese universities.
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Link to this article：Twenty of the most promising new materials in the future world
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