Aluminum 6061

What Is Aluminum 6061?

6061 aluminum alloy is a high-quality aluminum alloy product produced by heat treatment and pre-stretching process.

6061 aluminum is a heat-strengthened alloy with good formability, weldability, machinability, and medium strength. It can still maintain good operability after annealing. The main alloying elements of 6061 aluminum are Magnesium and silicon form the Mg2Si phase. If it contains a certain amount of manganese and chromium, it can neutralize the bad effects of iron; sometimes a small amount of copper or zinc is added to increase the strength of the alloy without significantly reducing its corrosion resistance; there is a small amount of conductive materials In order to offset the adverse effects of titanium and iron on conductivity; zirconium or titanium can refine the grain and control the recrystallization structure; in order to improve the machinability, lead and bismuth can be added. Mg2Si is solid-dissolved in aluminum, which makes the alloy have artificial age hardening function.

6061 aluminum is a heat-strengthened alloy with good formability, weldability, machinability, and medium strength. It can still maintain good operability after annealing. The main alloying elements of 6061 aluminum are Magnesium and silicon form the Mg2Si phase. If it contains a certain amount of manganese and chromium, it can neutralize the bad effects of iron; sometimes a small amount of copper or zinc is added to increase the strength of the alloy without significantly reducing its corrosion resistance; there is a small amount of conductive materials In order to offset the adverse effects of titanium and iron on conductivity; zirconium or titanium can refine the grain and control the recrystallization structure; in order to improve the machinability, lead and bismuth can be added. Mg2Si is solid-dissolved in aluminum, which makes the alloy have artificial age hardening function.

The main alloying elements of 6061 aluminum are magnesium and silicon, and the Mg2Si phase is formed. If it contains a certain amount of manganese and chromium, it can neutralize the bad effects of iron; sometimes a small amount of copper or zinc is added to increase the strength of the alloy without significantly reducing its corrosion resistance; there is a small amount of conductive materials In order to offset the adverse effects of titanium and iron on conductivity; zirconium or titanium can refine the grain and control the recrystallization structure; in order to improve the machinability, lead and bismuth can be added. Mg2Si is solid-dissolved in aluminum, which makes the alloy have artificial age hardening function. The main alloying elements in 6061 aluminum are magnesium and silicon, which have medium strength, good corrosion resistance, weldability, and good oxidation effect.

It can neutralize the bad effects of iron; sometimes a small amount of copper or zinc is added to increase the strength of the alloy without significantly reducing its corrosion resistance; there is a small amount of copper in conductive materials to offset titanium and iron The adverse effect on conductivity; zirconium or titanium can refine the grain and control the recrystallized structure; in order to improve the machinability, lead and bismuth can be added. Mg2Si is solid-dissolved in aluminum, which makes the alloy have artificial age hardening function. The main alloying elements in 6061 aluminum alloy are magnesium and silicon, which have medium strength, good corrosion resistance, weldability, and good oxidation effect.

Magnesium-aluminum 6061 has excellent processing performance, good corrosion resistance, high toughness, no deformation after processing, easy color film, and excellent oxidation effect.

It belongs to Al-Mg-Si series alloy, with medium strength, good plasticity and excellent corrosion resistance. In particular, it has no stress corrosion cracking tendency, its weldability is excellent, corrosion resistance and cold workability are good, and it is a very promising alloy with a wide range of applications. It can be anodized and colored, or painted with enamel, suitable for building decoration materials. It contains a small amount of Cu, so the strength is higher than 6063, but the quenching sensitivity is also higher than 6063. Air quenching cannot be achieved after extrusion, and re-solution treatment and quenching aging are required to obtain higher strength.

The Classification Of Aluminum 6061

6061-T651 is the main alloy of 6061 aluminum alloy. Although its strength is not comparable to that of 2XXX series or 7XXX series, its magnesium and silicon alloys have many characteristics. It has excellent processing performance, excellent welding characteristics and electroplating properties, and good resistance. Corrosion, high toughness, no deformation after processing, compact material without defects and easy polishing, easy color film, excellent oxidation effect and other excellent characteristics.　Typical Uses 　 One, the application of the strip is widely used in decoration, packaging, construction, transportation, electronics, aviation, aerospace, weapons and other industries.　2. Aluminum used in aerospace is used to make aircraft skins, fuselage frames, beams, rotors, propellers, fuel tanks, wall panels and landing gear pillars, as well as rocket forging rings, spacecraft wall panels, etc.　3. Aluminum materials for transportation are used in the body structure materials of automobiles, subway cars, railway passenger cars, high-speed passenger cars, doors and windows, shelves, automobile engine parts, air conditioners, radiators, body panels, wheel hubs and materials for ships.　Four. Aluminum materials for packaging 　 All-aluminum easy-open can materials are mainly used as metal packaging materials in the form of sheets and foils to make cans, lids, bottles, barrels and packaging foils. It is widely used in the packaging of beverages, food, cosmetics, medicines, cigarettes, and industrial products.　5. Aluminum materials for printing are mainly used to make PS plates. Aluminum-based PS plates are a new type of material in the printing industry for automated plate making and printing.　6. Aluminum alloy for architectural decoration Because of its good corrosion resistance, sufficient strength, excellent process performance and welding performance, aluminum alloy is mainly widely used in building frames, doors and windows, suspended ceilings, decorative surfaces, etc. Such as various architectural doors and windows, aluminum profiles for curtain walls, aluminum curtain wall panels, profiled panels, checkered panels, color coated aluminum panels, etc.　 Seven, aluminum materials for electronic appliances are mainly used in various fields such as bus bars, overhead wires, conductors, electrical components, refrigerators, air conditioners, and cables. Specifications: round rods, square rods 　Representative uses include aerospace fixtures, electrical fixtures, and communications.

1.6061 aluminum alloy elements

The main alloying elements of 6061 aluminum alloy are magnesium and silicon, and the Mg2Si phase is formed. If it contains a certain amount of manganese and chromium, it can neutralize the bad effects of iron; sometimes a small amount of copper or zinc is added to increase the strength of the alloy without significantly reducing its corrosion resistance; there is a small amount of conductive materials In order to offset the adverse effects of titanium and iron on conductivity; zirconium or titanium can refine the grain and control the recrystallization structure; in order to improve the machinability, lead and bismuth can be added. Mg2Si is solid-dissolved in aluminum, which makes the alloy have artificial age hardening function. The main alloying elements in 6061 aluminum alloy are magnesium and silicon, which have medium strength, good corrosion resistance, weldability, and good oxidation effect.\

2.The characteristics of magnesium aluminum 6061

Magnesium-aluminum 6061-T651 is the main alloy of the 6-series alloy, and it is a high-quality aluminum alloy product after heat treatment and pre-stretching process; magnesium-aluminum 6061 has excellent processing performance, good corrosion resistance, high toughness and no deformation after processing. It has excellent characteristics such as easy color film and excellent oxidation effect.

Main use: Widely used in various industrial structural parts that require certain strength and high corrosion resistance, such as the manufacture of trucks, tower buildings, ships, trams, and railway vehicles.

3. Typical applications of 6061

Representative applications include aerospace fixtures, electrical fixtures, communications, and are also widely used in automated mechanical parts, precision machining, mold manufacturing, electronics and precision instruments, SMT, PC board solder carriers, and so on.

Code of basic state of aluminum alloy:

• F 　Free processing state 　Applicable to products with special requirements for work hardening and heat treatment conditions during the molding process. The mechanical properties of the products in this state are not regulated (uncommon)
• O 　Annealed state 　Applicable to processed products that have been fully annealed to obtain the lowest strength (occasionally)
• H 　Work hardening state 　Applicable to products whose strength is increased by work hardening. After work hardening, the product can undergo (or not) additional heat treatment to reduce the strength (generally non-heat-treated reinforced materials)
• W 　Solution heat treatment state 　an unstable state, only suitable for alloys that are naturally aged at room temperature after solution heat treatment. The code of this state only indicates that the product is in the natural aging stage (uncommon)
• T 　 heat treatment state 　 (different from F, O, H state) 　 applies to after heat treatment, after (or without) work hardening to achieve a stable product. The T code must be followed by one or more Arabic numerals (usually heat-treated strengthened materials) 　The state code behind our common non-heat-treated strengthened aluminum alloys is generally the letter H plus two digits.
• Such as 1100 H14.　The following briefly introduces the meaning of the following status codes.

The letter H is usually followed by two digits: 　The first digit indicates the method of work hardening.　The first digits after H are: 1, 2, 3, 4

That is, H1* H1* means simple work hardening treatment

H2* H2* means work hardening and incomplete annealing

H3* H3* means work hardening and stabilization treatment

H4* H4* means work hardening and painting treatment

The second digit indicates the degree of hardening achieved by the material.

The second digits after H are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

• Both H*1 Hardness between 0 and 2
• H*2 1/4 hard
• H*3 Hardness between 2 and 4
• H*4 1/2 hard 　H*5 hardness between 4 and 6
• H*6 3/4 hard 　H*7 hardness between 6 and 8
• H*8 full hard state 　H*9 super hard state

(There are not many cases where H is followed by three numbers, only a few. H111 means that an appropriate amount of work hardening has been carried out after the final annealing. H112 means a product suitable for hot forming. H116 means 5* with a magnesium content of ≥4.0% **A product made of alloy.)

The state code behind our common heat treatment strengthened aluminum alloy is generally the letter T plus one or more Arabic numerals to indicate the subdivision state of T. Add 0-10 Arabic numerals after the T to indicate the subdivision state (called TX status). The number after T indicates the heat treatment procedure for the product.　T0 　After solution heat treatment, natural aging and then cold working state. It is suitable for products whose strength is improved by cold processing.

• T1 　 is cooled by the high temperature forming process, and then naturally aged to a basically stable state.　Suitable for products that are no longer cold-worked after being cooled by the high-temperature forming process (straightening and leveling can be carried out, but the mechanical performance limit is not affected).
• T2 　 is cooled by the high temperature forming process, and naturally aged to a basically stable state after cold working. It is suitable for products that undergo cold processing, straightening, and leveling to increase strength after being cooled by a high-temperature forming process.
• T3 　 cold working after solution heat treatment, and then natural aging to a basically stable state. It is suitable for products that undergo cold working, straightening, and leveling to improve strength after solution heat treatment.
• T4 　After solution heat treatment, it is naturally aged to a basically stable state. It is suitable for products that are not subjected to cold processing after solution heat treatment (straightening and leveling can be carried out, but the mechanical properties are not affected), and then natural aging products.
• T5 　The state of being cooled by the high-temperature molding process and then artificially aged. It is suitable for products that are not subjected to cold working (straightening and leveling can be carried out, but the mechanical performance limit is not affected) after being cooled by the high-temperature forming process, and then artificially aged.
• T6 　The state of artificial aging after solution heat treatment. It is suitable for products that are not subjected to cold processing after solution heat treatment (straightening and leveling can be carried out, but the mechanical properties are not affected), and then artificially aged products.
• T7 　The state of artificial aging after solution heat treatment.　Applicable to products whose strength exceeds the highest peak point on the aging curve during artificial aging in order to obtain some important characteristics after solution heat treatment.
• T8 　The state of being cold worked after solution heat treatment and then artificially aged.　Suitable for cold working, straightening, and leveling to increase the strength of the product.
• T9 　The state of artificial aging after solution heat treatment and then cold working.　Suitable for products that have been cold-processed to improve product strength.
• T10 　After being cooled by the high-temperature molding process, it is cold-worked and then artificially aged.　Suitable for products that have been cold processed, or straightened or leveled to increase the strength of the product. T state and TXXX state (except for the stress relief state) 　Add one more Arabic numeral (called TXX state) after the TX state code, or add two Arabic numerals (called TXXX state), which means that the product characteristics have been significantly changed ( Such as mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, etc.) of the specific process processing state.
• T42 　 is suitable for products whose natural aging has reached a sufficiently stable state after solid solution heat treatment in O or F state, and also for products whose mechanical properties have reached T42 state after heat treatment of processed products in any state by the buyer.
• T62 　 is suitable for products that enter artificial aging after solution heat treatment in O or F state, and also applies to products whose mechanical properties have reached T62 state after heat treatment of processed products in any state by the buyer.
• T73 　 is suitable for products that are aged to achieve the specified mechanical properties and stress corrosion resistance after solution heat treatment. 　 T74 　 has the same definition as
• T73. The tensile strength of this state is greater than the T73 state, but less than the T76 state.
• T76 　 has the same definition as T73. The tensile strength of this state is higher than the T73 and T74 states, and the stress corrosion cracking resistance is lower than that of the T73 and
• T74 states, but its resistance to spalling corrosion is still better.
• T7X2 　 is suitable for products whose mechanical properties and corrosion resistance have reached T7X state after solution heat treatment in O or F state and artificial aging treatment.
• T81 　 is suitable for products that are subjected to solution heat treatment, which undergoes about 1% cold working deformation to increase the strength, and then undergo artificial aging.
• T87 　 is suitable for products that are subjected to solution heat treatment, which undergoes about 7% of cold working deformation to increase the strength, and then undergo artificial aging. “Stress Relief State” Add “51”, or “510”, or “511” or “52” or “54” after the above TX or TXX or TXXX state code to indicate the product state code that has undergone stress relief treatment.
• TX51 　TXX51 　TXXX51 　 is suitable for thick plates, rolled or cold-finished bars and die forgings, forged rings or rolled rings that are stretched according to the specified amount after solution heat treatment or cooling from the high temperature forming process. These products are stretched No more straightening afterwards. The permanent deformation of thick plates is 1.5% to 3%; the permanent deformation of rolled or cold-finished bars is 1% to 3%; the permanent deformation of die forgings forged or rolled rings is 1% to 5% . The permanent deformation of extruded rods, shapes and pipes is 1% to 3%; the permanent deformation of drawn pipes is 1.5% to 3%.
• TX511 　TXX511 　TXXX511 　 is suitable for extruded rods, shapes and pipes, and drawn pipes that are stretched according to the specified amount after solution heat treatment or cooling from the high temperature forming process. These products can be slightly straightened after stretching to meet the standard tolerance.
• TX52 　TXX52 　TXXX52 　 is suitable for solution heat treatment or cooling from high temperature forming process, and compress to eliminate stress, so as to produce 1%~5%, permanent deformation products.
• TX54 　TXX54 　TXXX54 　 is suitable for die forgings in which the stress is relieved by cold shaping in the final forging die.　T6, solution treatment (quenching), artificial aging
• T62, by annealing or F state solution treatment, artificial aging
• T61 is a special heat treatment state, requiring its strength to be lower than T6.

The Chemical Composition Of Aluminum 6061

• unit:%
• Copper Cu: 0.15～0.4
• Manganese Mn: 0.15
• 6061 aluminum alloy
• 6061 aluminum alloy (8 sheets)
• Magnesium: 0.8～1.2
• Zinc Zn: 0.25
• Chromium Cr: 0.04～0.35
• Titanium:0.15
• Silicon Si: 0.4～0.8
• Iron Fe: ≤0.7
• Aluminum Al: margin

The Mechanical Properties Of Aluminum 6061

• Mechanical properties:
• Tensile strength σb (MPa): ≥180
• Yield strength σ0.2 (MPa): ≥110
• Elongation δ5 (%): ≥14
• Sample size: diameter≤150
• Brinell hardness HB: 95-100

Note: Longitudinal mechanical properties of bars at room temperature

Specification Calculation Of Aluminum Plate

Aluminum sheet material. It is customary in the world to call aluminum material with a thickness of 0.2mm or more, 500mm or less, 200mm in width or more, and within 16m in length as aluminum sheet or aluminum sheet. Aluminum foils below 0.2mm. Strips or strips within 200mm width (Of course, with the advancement of large equipment, there are more strips with a maximum width of 600mm).

• Aluminum rod: diameter: 3-500mm aluminum tube, thickness: 2-500mm
• Pan Zhu’s theoretical calculation formula for aluminum tubes, aluminum plates, and aluminum rods. (Note: There is an error with the actual weight, the size unit is mm)
• Aluminum plate weight (kg)=0.0000028×thickness×width×length
• Aluminum tube weight (kg) = 0.00879 × wall thickness × (outer diameter-wall thickness) × length
• The formula for calculating the weight of aluminum rod (kg)=diameter×diameter×length×0.0000022