What are the railway signal designs for metallurgical plants?

Design of railway signaling for metallurgical works The design of railway signals that need to be set up in the railway transportation system of metallurgical plants. Railway signaling is a general term for manual control, automatic control and remote control technology that ensures the safety of railway transportation, improves the passing capacity of railway sections and stations, and the ability to signal. Railway signals are divided into station chain, section block, dispatch supervision, hump signal, dumper signal, on-board switching switch device and crossing signal according to the setting location and purpose. According to the size of the enterprise, station layout and transportation needs, the railway signal type, electrical lines and signal building are selected. Station chain refers to the mutual relationship between signals, switches and approaches within a railway station that can be activated or established through technical methods according to certain procedures and meeting certain conditions. In a railway station, there are many switches and lines, and the access roads are complex and intersecting. Only by using station interlocking equipment can we ensure the safety of traffic in the station and improve the station’s passing capacity. Station interlocking color separation light electric lock interlocking, relay centralized interlocking and microcomputer centralized interlocking. Color light electric lock interlock uses electric locks to realize the non-centralized interlocking relationship between the switches and color light signals. Non-centralized interlocking is an interlocking device in which switches are decentralized and operated on-site by switchmen. In the 1950s, Chinese metallurgical factories mainly used color light electric lock chains. This kind of interlocking equipment took a long time to process and was complicated to operate. It was gradually phased out in the early 1960s. Relay centralized interlocking uses a power switch machine to convert the switches and electromagnetic relays to realize the interlocking relationship between signals, switches and access roads. Centralized interlocking is an interlocking equipment in which switches and signals are centrally controlled by station attendants in the signal building. In the early 1960s, China Metallurgical Plant began to use relay-type centralized interlocking at junction stations, combined marshalling stations, and stations of large and medium-sized enterprises (including yards and other busier railway line groups and transportation throats). Relay centralized chain is divided into independent control relay centralized chain and approach relay centralized chain.
(1) Individually operated relay-type centralized interlocking, which arranges access routes by individually operating switches, is inconvenient to operate and has been eliminated since the mid-1970s.

(2) Route relay-type centralized interlocking, with each route as a control unit. When arranging the routes, just press the start and end buttons of the route. The control is quick and the operation is easy. Since the mid-1970s, is generally adopted. Microcomputer centralized chaining uses a power switch machine to convert switches and uses a microcomputer to realize the centralized chaining relationship between signals, switches and approaches. Microcomputer centralized interlocking, through microcomputer programming control, performs logical operations on indoor control commands and field device representation information, thereby achieving centralized control and supervision of signals, switches and access routes, which is superior to inlet relay-type centralized interlocking. It is the development direction of station chains. In the mid-1980s, Chinese metallurgical plants began to adopt microcomputer centralized chaining and have been promoted and applied. Sectional blocking is a technical method that allows only one train to operate at the same time on each railway line in a single-track railway section or in a double-track railway section. The use of section blocking equipment can avoid train collision accidents in the area, ensure the safety of section driving and improve the passing capacity of the section. According to the length of the interval and the size of the transportation volume, the interval occlusion adopts inspection occlusion, semi-automatic occlusion and automatic occlusion respectively. Inter-station blocking is a method of achieving interval blocking using inter-station tracing circuits and inter-regional track circuits. Inter-station inspection circuits are set up at two adjacent stations. The inter-station check circuit is a circuit where two adjacent stations check each other’s hostile conditions to ensure that two adjacent stations cannot send trains to the single-line section at the same time. Set up continuous track circuits in the interval. Interval track circuits are circuits that use the rails of interregional railway lines as conductors to ensure that no two adjacent stations can send trains to interregional lines occupied by vehicles. In the section between two adjacent electric centralized chain or computer centralized chain stations where the section length is less than the train braking distance, check blocking is adopted. Semi-automatic blocking is a section blocking method in which blocking procedures are manually handled. After the train departs according to the signal display, the exit signal is automatically closed. Semi-automatic blocking equipment is installed at two adjacent stations to ensure that neither station can send trains to section lines occupied by vehicles and that two stations cannot send trains to single-line sections at the same time. Semi-automatic blocking is used in inter-station sections where the section length is not less than the train braking distance. Automatic blocking: According to the train operation and the status of relevant blocking zones, the section blocking method is automatically changed to be displayed by the signal and the driver drives based on the signal display. The inter-station railway lines are divided into several blocked sections. Each blocked section is equipped with a continuous track circuit and a passing signal at its beginning. When a train occupies and clears the blocked section, the relevant passing signal is automatically closed and opened, and the driver Driving the train according to the display of the passing signal can greatly improve the passing capacity of the section. In the inter-station intervals where semi-automatic blocking cannot meet the passing capacity requirements, automatic blocking will be used. Dispatching supervision In the railway transportation dispatching station, dispatchers focus on supervising the signals, approaches, and line conditions of each station in the factory. The dispatch supervision board is set up in the dispatch station to centrally display the on-site equipment representation information collected by the microcomputer. The dispatcher can understand the usage of the field equipment in a timely manner from the supervision board, which facilitates unified dispatch and command to ensure driving safety and improve transportation efficiency. In the early 1990s, Chinese metallurgical plants began to adopt dispatch supervision. Hump signal A signal indicating operating conditions for a hump job. The hump signal is used to ensure the safety of hump operations and improve vehicle decoding capabilities. According to the braking equipment and operation control method of the hump, it is divided into non-mechanized hump and mechanized hump. The non-mechanized hump is a hump with iron shoes as the main braking device, and the mechanized hump is a hump with a manually controlled reducer as the main speed regulating device. Non-mechanized humps and mechanized humps generally use automatic hump concentration to control the vehicle crew to slip into the road. Hump automatic centering is an electrical centering that controls the switches according to a prearranged procedure before or during the rolling process. Camelback automatic centralization has the functions of route storage and automatic command transmission. When you save route commands in advance, you can save them all or part of them at one time. As the train crew slips away, the pre-stored route command is automatically transmitted to Fengxia, turning the switch to the required position and guiding the train crew to slip into the designated track. The dumper signal is a signal indicating operating conditions for the locomotive operation on the dumper push line. According to the different power sent to the dumper, it is divided into the dumper signal powered by the locomotive and the dumper signal powered by the iron ox.

(1) The locomotive-powered dumper signal instructs the locomotive to push the vehicle to the dumper until the entire train is overturned.
(2) The signal of the Tieniu-powered dumper instructs the locomotive to push the train to the Tieniu operating area. After the train is in place, the Tieniu pushes the vehicle to the dumper. On-board switch switching device is a device used by the driver (or shunter) to switch switches on a moving train. An electric switch machine is installed next to the switch tip, a joystick is installed at a suitable location in front of the switch, and a contactor is installed at a suitable location on each of the two railway lines behind the switch. When the train and the switch are running in opposite directions, the driver (or shunter) pulls the joystick on the car to drive the electric switch machine and turn the switch to the required position; when the train and the switch are running in the same direction, the train The wheel presses the contactor to drive the electric switch machine and turn the switch to the desired position. In areas where trains are running at low speeds and fixed locomotives are operating, on-board switch devices are used. Crossing signal is a safety device used to prevent collisions between railway vehicles, road vehicles and pedestrians at level crossings between railways and highways. According to the traffic congestion and clearance conditions, manual crossing signals, automatic crossing notification signals and automatic crossing signals are installed. Crossing manual signal Crossing signal controlled manually. Set up crossing signals, crossing audio equipment and electric barriers at the crossing. Automatic crossing signal: When a train approaches a crossing, it automatically notifies the crossing guard of the crossing signal. It is used for guarded crossings and is equipped with automatic audio equipment and electric barriers. Automatic crossing signal: When a train approaches a crossing, it automatically sends a stop signal to vehicles and pedestrians. It is used for unguarded or guarded crossings, with crossing signals and automatic sound equipment, and automatic barriers as needed. Wire lines are channels that transmit indoor control commands to outdoor controlled equipment and outdoor representation information to indoor receiving equipment. Electrical lines are used to connect indoor equipment and outdoor equipment of railway signals to realize manual control, automatic control and remote control of signals, switches or vehicle reducers. Railway signal lines generally use cables. According to the equipment requirements, the cable conductor cross-section is determined through calculation. Cable performance needs to meet the requirements for electrical properties, physical and mechanical properties and other properties (heat, combustion, aging, climate, chemical corrosion, etc.) specified for railway signaling equipment. Generally, cables are laid directly buried. When cables pass through railways, highways, bridges and tunnels, measures such as pipes and troughs must be taken to protect them. The cable path should be selected in a location with better soil and terrain, fewer obstacles, and closer equipment spacing. At the same time, it should be considered to facilitate construction and not hinder the expansion of railways and other buildings. Signal building is a special building that centrally controls automatic control and interlocking equipment such as switches, signals or vehicle speed reducers. According to the purpose, it can be divided into electrical centralized (including microcomputer centralized, the same below) signal building and hump signal building. Determine the building area and room configuration of the signal building based on the station scale and usage requirements. Electrical centralized signal building. Electrical centralized signal building in large and middle stations and in the shunting area. Generally, a two-story or three-story signal building is built alone. Its location must consider factors such as improving transportation efficiency, facilitating centralized and unified driving command, and saving cables. The electrical power of the small station is centralized, and a two-story signal building is built jointly with the station as needed. Hump signal building The signal building is set up according to the non-mechanized hump and mechanized hump. For non-mechanized humps, a two- or three-story signal building should be built near the first branch road under the peak. The mechanized hump signal building is located near the braking position (the location where braking equipment is installed). The number and location are determined according to the number of braking positions and marshalling lines in the field and the control method of the braking equipment. When there are two braking stations in the field, a two-story signal building is usually installed near the upper braking station and a three-story signal building is installed near the lower braking station. When the marshalling line exceeds three wire harnesses, two three-story signal buildings will be installed near the lower braking position.