The 2020 version of the new national standard of “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” is implemented today

The new national standard of GB/T8478-2020 “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” was formally implemented on February 1, 2021. What does the revision of the standard really mean for doors, windows, curtain walls and even the construction industry? Where will it go in the future? FBC Expo specially interviewed Mr. Shi Minxiang, the editor-in-chief of the GB/T8478-2020 national standard “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows”. I believe that every practitioner in the door, window, curtain wall and construction industry will get new inspiration from it.

What are the main reasons for the revision of the new “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” national standards?

The main reason for the revision of the “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” GB/T 8478-2008 national standard is to implement Xi Jinping’s new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and to achieve high-quality development with the concept of ecological civilization construction of green water and green mountains. Build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and raise the people’s ever-increasing need for a better living standard.

Doors and windows that integrate the functions of the architectural “five senses” are the key enclosure components to ensure the environmental quality of indoor sound, light, heat, air, etc., and are the basic conditions for ensuring people’s safety and comfort and improving people’s living standards. Since the 2008 edition of the “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” standard was released and implemented, China has newly formulated and revised a large number of architectural and structural design, thermal and energy-saving design standards related to building doors and windows, as well as standards for aluminum profiles, glass and hardware accessories, and performance classifications for doors and windows. Standards such as testing and testing put forward new and higher requirements on doors and windows. At the same time, developed countries such as Europe, the United States, and Japan have also revised the standards for building doors and windows, raising the requirements for energy-saving design of doors and windows.

The 2008 edition of “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” has 29 normative reference standards, and the newly revised “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” GB/T 8478-2020 has 46 normative reference standards in the main text, of which 15 are newly formulated standards and 18 are It is a newly revised standard, and there are 95 standards in the informative appendix.

The newly revised “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” GB/T 8478-2020 is the first national standard for building doors and windows that fully implements the relevant standards and specifications newly compiled by China.

What new requirements does the revision of the standard impose on the door, window and construction industry?

(1) According to the seven main performances, doors and windows are divided into six basic types (common type, sound insulation type, thermal insulation type, thermal insulation type, thermal insulation type, and fire-resistant type) to adapt to different building climate divisions and thermal engineering in China. Design the application requirements of partition doors and windows, as well as the requirements of sound insulation and fire protection, and point out the direction for the development and design of building door and window product systems.

(2) The bottom line requirements for the main performance of doors and windows are put forward, and the minimum required values ​​for the performance indicators of watertight, airtight, sound insulation, heat preservation, and heat insulation doors and windows are specified.

(3) Improve the wind resistance safety of doors and windows, and increase the limit state requirements that door and window rods and panel glass do not break under the action of 1.5 times the wind pressure resistance classification value.

(4) The wall thickness requirements of aluminum profiles for doors and windows have been improved. For example, the base material of the main profile of the main force-bearing member of the outer window has been increased from the original minimum measured wall thickness of 1.4mm to the nominal wall thickness of 1.8mm (the minimum measured wall thickness is about 1.7mm), It also stipulates the wall thickness requirements of the main profile base material of inner doors and windows.

(5) According to the different use environments of outer doors and windows and inner doors and windows, specify the type and thickness of the surface treatment layer of their aluminum profiles (such as secondary spraying wood grain for outer doors and windows, and thermal transfer wood grain for inner doors and windows).

(6) Increased the width and height of the single door and window dimensions, giving priority to the use of commonly used standard doors and windows specified in GB/T 30591, in order to promote the standardized and serialized industrial production of building door and window products.

(7) The mechanical performance requirements of doors and windows have been added, and the mechanical performance tests of movable fans with different opening forms should be carried out according to their use characteristics, and the safety requirements for the opening and closing of door and window sashes have been improved.

(8) The durability requirements for the repeated opening and closing performance of doors and windows have been improved, and the repeated opening and closing performance grading indexes of different opening forms of doors and windows have been increased, and higher requirements have been put forward for hardware accessories that undertake the opening and closing functions, laying a foundation for improving the design service life of doors and windows.

(9) The requirement that the product quality assurance certificate should include “the performance parameter value of the product type inspection and the number of the product type inspection report” is added to ensure the implementation of the product type inspection.

(10) The informatization requirements of permanent product two-dimensional codes have been added to realize the traceability management of the quality and safety of doors and windows in existing buildings, and it is conducive to the brand building of doors and windows in the market competition.

What is the main impact of the implementation of the new standard on the aluminum alloy doors and windows industry?

(1) In the face of the 2020 national standard of “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” that has comprehensively improved materials, quality and performance levels, the entire industry must transform and upgrade aluminum alloy doors and windows: transform to six basic types of door and window systems to meet different climates and application environments Needs; upgrade to the “minimum standards” of various levels of product performance of the national standard to meet the various functional requirements of the doors and windows of the building’s “five senses” for the high-quality life of the people in the new era.

(2) The increase in the wall thickness requirements of aluminum alloy profiles is the necessary material basis for the transformation and upgrading from thin-walled profiles, low-quality, low-performance, and low-priced aluminum doors and windows to a new generation of high-performance, high-quality, high-priced products. However, with rising material costs, market competition lowering prices, and product profit margins being squeezed by the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, the transformation and upgrading of products and the survival and development of enterprises are huge challenges for the entire industry (supply side).

(3) The implementation of the new national standard of the 2020 version of “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” will surely promote the consumption upgrade of high-quality architectural doors and windows on the demand side, give due knowledge and input to the “five senses” functions of architectural doors and windows, and choose good doors and windows and applications. Good doors and windows, so as to provide the supply side of the aluminum door and window industry with a driving force for innovation and development of good doors and windows.

What are the shortcomings of China’s “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” standard advancement? What are the shortcomings of industry development?

(1) The new standard requires that the closed state of doors and windows does not break under the action of 1,5 times the wind pressure resistance classification value, but the bearing capacity of door and window locking parts cannot meet the bearing capacity requirements of door and window locking points in high wind pressure areas, that is, doors and windows The product standards of locking hardware accessories need to be revised and improved to improve performance requirements. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop high-capacity locking hardware products.

(2) The standard for wind resistance under the open state of doors and windows is not perfect. The “Test Method for Mechanical Properties of Building Doors and Windows” GB/T 9158-2015 includes “Strong closing resistance”, “Open limit impact resistance” and “Vertical load resistance” The load requirements for performance testing and testing need to be improved and improved, and the performance requirements and test method standards for automatic locking of doors and windows under strong winds need to be increased. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop high-capacity automatic locking hardware accessories system products.

(3) Solve the problem of the safety short board of the outer casement window, and improve the safety performance structure design and test method standards of the outer casement window through technological innovation and improvement, such as negative pressure buckle, anti-falling device, high load-bearing frame fan hinge, etc. Safe and reliable high-performance external casement windows are suitable window types for building exterior windows in areas with severe typhoon storms in the south. These short boards should be supplemented to solve the prohibition of external casement windows in some areas and meet market demand.

(4) Solve the short board of sliding doors and windows with low sealing performance and thermal insulation performance, improve the development of new high-performance sliding windows, and solve the problem of restricting or banning sliding windows in some areas. Sliding doors and windows that do not occupy indoor or outdoor space are window types that must be adopted in certain parts of the building and should meet the requirements of architectural design and use.

(5) The new standard has greatly increased the durability requirements for repeated opening and closing of doors and windows. The number of repeated opening and closing of sliding, translational, and flat-opening revolving doors has increased from 100,000 to 100,000 and 200,000. The number of repeated openings and closings has increased from 10,000 to 10,000, 20,000, and 30,000. Existing door and window products are facing the problem of upgrading to standards. This shortcoming must be resolved to meet the safety of doors and windows. Performance, durability, and different users’ requirements for the durability of repeated opening and closing of doors and windows.

(6) The short board of aluminum alloy profile door and window frame (also the shortcoming of aluminum alloy as door and window profile) is that its material has a large thermal conductivity and a large heat transfer coefficient for the entire window, especially the current 80% building energy saving in China for the insulation of northern doors and windows. Performance requires a heat transfer coefficient of 1.5 or less, comprehensive use of aluminum alloy profile insulation technology, aluminum alloy and non-metallic material composite technology, complementary advantages, while improving the insulation performance of door and window frames, it can also have good fire resistance performance, which will be heat insulation The development direction of type aluminum alloy doors and windows.

What is the significance of the “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” standard to the real estate, engineering, and home improvement industries?

The “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” product standard reflects the user’s demand for doors and windows, is the basis for the supply side to organize production and factory inspections, is the basis for trade delivery and economic arbitration between the supply and demand sides, is the basis for quality supervision and inspection, and comprehensively reflects doors and windows. The expectations of all parties involved in the upstream and downstream industrial chain of the market. The wall thickness of aluminum alloy door and window profiles is a comprehensive technical and economic index involving the interests of all parties. The new regulations on the wall thickness of aluminum door and window profiles in this standard have aroused strong responses from real estate companies, aluminum profile manufacturers, door and window engineering companies, and home improvement door and window companies.

Aluminum alloy profiles are relatively expensive non-ferrous metal materials, which account for a relatively high proportion of the cost of aluminum doors and windows. Since the production and sales of aluminum profiles are measured by weight, and aluminum doors and windows are calculated by area, in order to reduce the weight of aluminum profiles per unit area of ​​doors and windows to reduce costs, the wall thickness of aluminum profiles is getting thinner and thinner. The aluminum alloy door and window frame fan profile component is a lightweight thin-walled rod structure, which is a weak part of the building envelope structure, which directly affects the personal safety of users and the public. Therefore, China’s “Aluminum Alloy Door and Window Engineering Technical Code” JGJ 214 -2010 made mandatory regulations on the wall thickness of aluminum profiles.

This new standard greatly increases the wall thickness requirements of aluminum door and window profiles. The main profile base material of the main force-bearing member of the outer window has been increased from the original minimum measured wall thickness of 1.4mm to the nominal wall thickness of 1.8mm, and the minimum measured wall thickness is about 1.7mm (according to the ultra-high precision negative deviation), an increase of 0.3mm, an increase of 21%.

Real estate companies are the demand side of building doors and windows, door and window engineering companies and home improvement door and window companies are the supply side of doors and windows and the demand side of aluminum profiles, and many large aluminum profile companies produce door and window terminal products at the same time. Many people in the relevant parties believe that the wall thickness of the door and window profiles specified in this standard is too high because of the economy of market competition. Some people even think that “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” GB/T 8478-2020 is recommended Sexual standards may not be implemented”!

Under the market economy conditions, GB/T 8478-2020 “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” recommended national standards, as a complete product standard, is the minimum standard that must be implemented in the national “Standardization Law” and “Product Quality Law”. Other aluminum doors and windows industries Standards, local standards, group standards and corporate standards cannot be lower than the national standards.

Moreover, whether it is “system doors and windows”, “customized doors and windows”, “engineered doors and windows” or “home improvement doors and windows”, the trade delivery basis of aluminum alloy doors and windows market is the product standard, and the end user needs to consider whether the common type and partition are required. Sound type, heat preservation type, heat insulation type, heat preservation and heat insulation type, fire-resistant type door and window system, or the superposition of these basic types of comprehensive type door and window system.

GB/T 8478-2020 “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” stipulates that single doors and windows and combination doors and windows shall be given priority to adopt the commonly used standard specification doors and windows in accordance with GB/T 5824 hole size series specified in GB/T 30591.However, in the aluminum alloy door and window project and the home improvement door and window business, there are many applications of large-size floor-to-ceiling windows in the entire housing bay format, especially in the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Work Safety.[建标(2015)38号]After the “Notice on Further Strengthening the Safety Protection of Glass Curtain Walls” restricts the use of glass curtain walls, a large number of aluminum alloy doors and windows such as “curtain wall windows” and “unit windows” with the appearance of glass curtain walls have appeared in large numbers to satisfy many Chinese people’s desire for simplicity, beauty, and lighting. The pursuit of high-end fashion with large facades and windows and doors on the outer walls with transparent and broad vision. However, many people are not clear about the difference between the curtain wall and the external window in terms of structural calculation, performance design, detailed structure and anchoring connection. They simply pieced together and installed many large-scale facades with insufficient wind resistance and deadweight bearing capacity. “Aluminum windows” have created a lot of hidden safety hazards. There have been some accidents of doors and windows falling and rainwater leaking under strong storms.

Building doors and windows have the duality of factory production and construction installation. As a product standard, “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” stipulates the basic types of products, performance items and their grade index requirements, test methods, delivery and type inspection rules, and product development and finalization are carried out accordingly. design. However, the application of aluminum doors and windows in different regions and different buildings must implement the industry standard “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows Engineering Technical Specifications” JGJ 214, and carry out the engineering design of doors and windows in accordance with the principle of adapting to local conditions. Choose different performance types and performance levels, and different opening forms. Door and window products can provide users with safe, usable, energy-saving, durable, healthy and easy-to-use doors and windows.

On February 1, 2021, at the beginning of the spring of the first year of the national “14th Five-Year Plan”, the new national standard “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” GB/T 8478-2020 will be implemented, which will surely promote the transformation and upgrading of China’s aluminum doors and windows products. , Technological progress, innovation and development.

As the aluminum alloy doors and windows used in China’s building doors and windows, it has developed from the simple doors and windows of single-glass all-aluminum, 38 series casement and 90 series sliding in the 1980s to the current thermal insulation aluminum alloy, aluminum-wood composite, Aluminum-plastic co-extrusion and other composite profiles, double-glass single-cavity, three-glass two-cavity, four-glass three-cavity and other new types of aluminum doors and windows.

However, entering the new era of a well-off society in an all-round way, the people’s ever-increasing good living standards, and the new requirements of energy-saving, green and healthy buildings for doors and windows, the existing “single-layer door and window system” of “four rods and one glass” has already It can’t meet the multifunctional needs of the building’s “facial senses” of its doors and windows. A “double-layer window” system: “basic window + auxiliary window” (primary window + secondary window) is required to realize the complete function of the light-transmitting external window system, such as the following auxiliary windows:

Blinds-shading, dimming (turning sunlight into daylight), shielding the line of sight;

Muffler shutters-shutter sound traps, noise reduction during ventilation;

Roller shutter windows-shading, anti-theft, shielding the line of sight;

Lattice windows-protection and anti-theft;

Screens-anti-mosquitoes;

Ventilator-trace ventilation and purifying air exchange, heat exchange.

The multi-functional integrated double-layer window system will become a growing consumer demand with the development of green construction and healthy buildings in China. It is hoped that the whole industry will seize the opportunity of the implementation of the new standard of “Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows” GB/T 8478-2020, publicize the importance of building doors and windows to improve people’s living standards, and promote the demand-side and supply-side reforms of the building door and window industry. Open up the blocking points leading to the final consumers of doors and windows, make up for shortcomings, carry out the transformation and upgrading of building doors and windows, abandon the vicious competition of homogenous low prices, form a domestic demand cycle of “demand-side pulling supply, supply-side creating demand”, and create architectural doors and windows A new situation in the healthy development of the industry.